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Abstract: The most appropriate targets for systolic blood pressure to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons without diabetes remain uncertain.We randomly assigned 9361 persons with a systolic blood pressure of 130 mm Hg or higher and an increased cardiovascular risk, but without diabetes, to a systolic blood-pressure target of less than 120 mm Hg (intensive treatment) or a target of less than 140 mm Hg (standard treatment). The primary composite outcome was myocardial infarction, other acute coronary syndromes, stroke, heart failure, or death from cardiovascular causes. Leer más…

Blood pressure is a potent determinant of cardiovascular risk, but the most appropriate targets for blood-pressure lowering have long been debated. Observational studies with a low risk of confounding have shown a linear relationship between blood pressure and cardiovascular risk down to 115/75 mm Hg, but some observational studies with a greater potential for confounding, involving persons at increased risk, have suggested a J-shaped curve — that is, below a given blood pressure, risk would increase. When trials of blood-pressure–lowering drugs have shown benefits in patients without hypertension, these effects have often been ascribed to alternative mechanisms. The widespread uncertainty about blood-pressure targets was increased when the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial showed no significant overall difference in cardiovascular events between patients with type 2 diabetes assigned to a systolic blood-pressure target of less than 120 mm Hg and those assigned to a target of less than 140 mm Hg.

Citado: Perkovic V, Rodgers A. Redefining Blood-Pressure Targets–SPRINT Starts the Marathon. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2015 [citado 7 Nov 2017];373(22).

Abstract: Palliative care is the interdisciplinary specialty focused on improving quality of life for persons with serious illness and their families. Over the past decade, the field has undergone substantial growth and change, including an expanded evidence base, new care-delivery models, innovative payment mechanisms, and increasing public and professional awareness.

Citado: Kelley AS, Morrison RS. Palliative Care for the Seriously Ill. N Engl J Med. 2015 Aug 20;373(8).

Resumen: La fiebre Chikungunya es una enfermedad emergente que se ha extendido explosivamente desde el África a las islas del Océano Índico, la India, el sudeste asiático, Europa y ya, más recientemente, a las Américas, a donde arribó a través de las islas del Caribe en las que está causando una epidemia de gran magnitud. Se hizo una revisión del tema en cuanto a causa, características clínicas y diagnóstico. Se corroboró que no existe hasta el momento una terapéutica específica eficaz ni vacuna disponible, por tanto, la prevención de la infección a través del control vectorial y la prevención de la picadura por el mosquito transmisor son las mejores medidas de contención de sus efectos. Se sugiere estar preparados para la llegada de dicha enfermedad al país y ante su presencia, intentar detectar tempranamente al portador del virus para prevenir la transmisión porque realmente no hay tratamiento específico.

Citado: Martínez Fernández L, Torrado Navarro YP. Fiebre Chikungunya. Rev Cubana Med [Internet]. 2015 [citado 7 Nov 2017];54(1).